Large aircraft move 900 billion domestic market in China, need to exceed 2 difficulty | C919| market cake | the storm _ news
Commercial aircraft Corporation of China ("China commercial aircraft") developed the Chinese C919 aircraft large aircraft on May 5 first flew successfully. According to COMAC's statistics, as of now, the C919 large aircraft market order has reached 570. According to forecasts, the next 20 years the domestic air transport market requires only airliner 5952, worth nearly 900 billion yuan, the C919 large aircraft development is very impressive.
There are foreign media that the aircraft is expected to break the Boeing and Airbus both strong pattern. Interviews to reporters in Shanghai, XI ' an, although the C919 passenger jet market prospects in China, it will be packed into the global aircraft market is still facing huge challenges. Governments, enterprises, researchers shared his wisdom and energy to focus on follow-up exploration, practice and problem solving.
> May 5, 2017, China's first international standard airliner C919 first flew successfully in Shanghai Pudong International Airport. Figure for the C919 crews compartment. News service reporter Sun Zifa photography
Civil airliner by landmark progress
In 2008, started to develop the C919 large passenger plane, through the design, development, structure, Assembly, final assembly line, on May 5 made its maiden flight. Foreign media are strongly concerned, that COMAC may in the future become Embraer's biggest threat in the West.
According to China COMAC introduced, C919 large aircraft is China first according to latest international airworthiness standard development of route civilian aircraft, in 9 years innovation practice in the, built has Assembly mobile production, and central wing, and in the fuselage, and level tail, and full machine docking, 5 article international advanced line, conquer has more than 100 more items core key technology, master has people machine industry 5 big class, and 20 a professional, and more than 6,000 more items civilian aircraft technology. Shanghai Research Institute of aircraft design engineer Zhang Miao told reporters that: "Although this process very difficult, but with independent intellectual property rights of aircraft, this is a necessary process. ”
According to COMAC's statistics, as of now, the C919 large aircraft market order has reached 570. May 5 first flight success will further boost orders increase. According to forecasts, the next 20 years the domestic air transport market requires only airliner 5952, worth nearly 900 billion yuan. As long as the customer acceptance of the product is developed, the C919 large aircraft development is very impressive.
Flight of C919 was Germany, Britain, the United States and other Western media attention. German daily die Welt said: "the future does not depend only on China Airlines Airbus and Boeing. "Reuters:" COMAC may in future decades to break Boeing's and Airbus's two male, whether China's huge aviation market or overseas markets over the longer term. The C919 will be the first step towards this goal. "The United States cable news network said:" this aircraft's maiden flight is a milestone in the development of China's civil aviation industry's progress. However, the C919 will be a long way before you can begin carrying capacity, with the United States and Europe's ' peers ' competition. ”
C919 development will have two difficulty
Analysis of foreign media article, C919 in Western countries are generally two views: one is that the C919 will challenge Boeing and Airbus two; second, think the C919 may not work, unable to compete in the international market and the West. C919 interviewed suggests that a key to the development of the C919 is going your way, the C919 following the successful first flight, needed breakthrough two difficulties.
First storm schedule risk. C919 large passenger plane after the first flight, the upcoming test flight and airworthiness, for China is a new subject, its progress there is a certain risk. In advance of the C919, a shadow project called the Chinese domestic aircraft ARJ21 aircraft, it met in the test flight schedule risk.
According to press reports, since many test subjects for the first time, many test outline was prepared for the first time, coupled with civil aviation administration of China review group asked random subjects 100% test flight, ARJ21 aircraft, the workload of the test about Boeing and Airbus flight test work 2-3 times, flight test completed therefore constantly extended. C919 more complex than the ARJ21, none of the domestic civil aircraft before flight, schedule risk can be imagined. C919 Chief Designer Wu Guanghui said the ARJ21 in the airworthiness aspects of exploration, believed the C919 airworthiness can avoid detours.
The second difficulty is market risk, in particular risks in the international market. After the C919, the domestic market can be supported through national means, but is very difficult to successfully enter the international market. According to international practice, aircraft on the market must obtain airworthiness certification, that is, aircraft access permits, but civilian aircraft to the United States, Europe, China's airworthiness certification was difficult, this means that the world's two largest aviation markets Chinese-made civil aircraft into more difficult. While Boeing's new 737 MAX Series passenger aircraft developed by A320neo family aircraft and Airbus, coinciding with the C919 aircraft market position, facing market pressures makes the C919.
Prior to that, held in Shanghai on the first session of the annual meeting of the China-EU civil aviation safety, civil aviation administration of China (CAAC) and the European Aviation Safety Agency (EASA), introduced by the representative of China-made jumbo jet C919 is currently receiving the airworthiness certification of civil aviation administration of China, and will serve as the central part of the negotiations on bilateral airworthiness. With Chinese-made large aircraft design developed by more and more market recognition, into the central route is expected to promote.
Forged large aircraft industry "Golden keel"
Development is a project of the machine, not only to have the research capacity, flight test, and industry capacity. A civil aircraft product success depends not only on technological breakthroughs, but its application in the business. The standard is that the plane's safety, economy and comfort can be recognized by the market.
"Civil aircraft and military aircraft are not the same, military aircraft need to be high-tech, large investment and long period, people also need to be high-tech, but cost control awareness cycles as short as possible, to meet the changing needs of the market. "Chinese aerodynamics experts, distinguished experts of the Shanghai aircraft design and Research Institute Zhang Xijin said.
China's civil aircraft industry after decades of trying, defined the "industrialization, marketization and internationalization" direction, "independent research, international cooperation, international standards" technique, the "Chinese design, systems integration, the global tender, gradually improve China's domestic" development and "manufacturer-supplier" model of development. The C919 was designed aiming at the beginning of the market demand, to enter the international market and laid a solid foundation for it.
C919 as the mainstream-oriented air transport market (150-seat), in full accordance with international airworthiness standards and standard development route aircraft operated by the international mainstream market, has been the concern of domestic and foreign markets.
C919 Chief Designer Wu Guanghui said: "the C919 is at the right time, in the right mode, launched a high-quality product. C919 is first and foremost to meet the needs of our domestic air transport, because China is the world's largest aviation market, aircraft requirements the most. Based on the domestic market, and for the global market, and this is my position of the C919. Seen from the design range C919 can meet any point of flight. ”
According to forecasts, the next 20 years China's air transport market requires only airliner 5952, worth nearly 900 billion yuan. Fast-growing air transport market for China to develop large jets and civilian aircraft to provide a firm and broad market support.
"The C919 is not a person's work, but the strength of our nation together. C919 is not just one model, affecting the development of an industry, if there is no development of country, there would be no China's State industries ' Golden Dragon '. "China's independently developed games for ten aircraft Vice Chief Designer Cheng Bu said.
C919 jumbo jet led the Chinese civil aviation industry chain form contains a huge potential. To Shanghai for leading, Shaanxi, and Sichuan, and Jiangxi, and Liaoning, and Jiangsu, 22 a provinces, and more than 200 more than enterprise, and near 200,000 people participation large aircraft project development and production, formed has industry chain, and value chain, and innovation chain; C919 promoted established 16 home airlines electric, and fly control, and power, and fuel and landing gear, airborne system joint venture enterprise, upgrade has China civilian aircraft industry supporting level.
This significantly improved the basis for the development of China's civil aviation industry faces. The future, accompanied by the advance of large aircraft and jet airliner to enter mass production in China, which will move into the huge economic potential of the industry chain.
One expert said: "from the aircraft design and development is a hard road to industrialization, and domestic equipment industrialization road of China's high-speed rail is the most successful, with independent intellectual property rights, have been recognized by the international market. China's large aircraft to realize this goal. ”
COMAC is introduced, companies have begun to establish the project developed long-range wide-body airliners, its seating capacity for 280, designed a range of 12,000 km.
Zhang Xijin said: "in China more than 10 years ' time, has made Chinese-made new regional jet, the ARJ21, China's domestic airliner C919 and three long-range wide-body aircraft models of development, which is not seen in any other country. ”
Participation C919 design of Shanghai aircraft design Institute General pneumatic Department pneumatic design and analysis room Deputy Director Ma Tuliang currently has into wide body aircraft of pre Institute, he said: "increasingly more of young see has China people machine industry development of prospects, they heritage with older people machine industry people of hard of spirit, while familiar and application with modern of technology results, will for people machine of development created better of future. ”
Source: economic information daily
>: Tang Xiaohui
Article keywords:C919 cakes difficulty
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大飞机撬动中国国内9千亿市场，需突破2道难关|C919|市场蛋糕|难关_新闻资讯
中国商用飞机有限责任公司（简称“中国商飞”）研制的中国国产大飞机C919客机，5月5日成功实现首飞。据中国商飞统计，截至目前，C919大型客机市场订单已达到570架。根据预测，未来20年仅国内航空运输市场就需要干线客机5952架，价值近9000亿元，C919大型客机发展前景十分可观。
有外媒认为这款飞机有望打破波音、空客两强格局。记者在上海、西安采访了解到，虽然C919客机国内市场前景看好，但要成功挤进全球飞机市场还面临巨大挑战。这需要政府、相关企业、科研人员共同把智慧和精力聚焦到后续问题的探索、实践和解决上来。
> 2017年5月5日，中国首款国际主流水准的干线客机C919在上海浦东国际机场成功首飞。图为C919机组人员出舱。中新社记者 孙自法摄
民用客机获里程碑式进展
于2008年开始研制的C919大型客机，历经设计、研制、结构总装、总装下线，在今年5月5日进行了首飞。外媒对此强烈关注，认为未来中国商飞可能成为西方航空工业公司最大的威胁。
据中国商飞介绍，C919大型客机是中国首款按照最新国际适航标准研制的干线民用飞机，在9年创新实践中，建成了总装移动生产、中央翼、中机身、水平尾翼、全机对接等5条国际先进生产线，攻克了100多项核心关键技术，掌握了民机产业5大类、20个专业、6000多项民用飞机技术。上海飞机设计研究院工程师张淼对记者说：“尽管这段历程非常艰辛，但要拥有自主知识产权的飞机，这是一个必经的历程。”
据中国商飞统计，截至目前，C919大型客机市场订单已达到570架。5月5日首飞的成功，将会进一步拉动订单的增加。根据预测，未来20年仅国内航空运输市场就需要干线客机5952架，价值近9000亿元。只要研制出客户认可的产品，C919大型客机发展前景十分可观。
C919的首飞受到了德、英、美等西方媒体的强烈关注。德国《世界报》文章称：“今后中国航空公司不会仅仅依靠空客和波音。”英国路透社认为：“未来几十年中国商飞可能打破波音与空中客车的双雄局面，不论是在中国自身庞大的航空市场，或是更长期的海外市场。C919将是迈向这个目标的第一步。”美国有线电视新闻网评价称：“这款飞机的首飞是中国民用航空工业发展里程碑式的进步。不过，C919还要经过很长的路才能开始载客，与美国和欧洲的‘同行’竞争。”
C919发展需破两道难关
分析外媒的文章，西方国家对C919基本持两方面的观点：一是认为C919会对波音、空客两强发起挑战；二是认为C919研制水平不行，无法在国际市场上与西方竞争。接受记者采访的C919研制人员认为，C919的发展关键是走好自己的路，C919在成功首飞后，急需突破两道难关。
第一道难关是进度风险。C919大型客机首飞后，即将开展的试飞和适航取证，对中国来说是全新的课题，其进度存在一定的风险。在C919之前，有一款被称为中国国产大飞机影子工程的ARJ21飞机，它在试飞过程中就碰到了进度风险。
据记者了解，由于很多试飞课目都是第一次进行，不少试飞大纲都是第一次编写，加上中国民航局审查组要求100%试飞课目抽查，ARJ21飞机试飞的工作量约为波音、空客试飞工作量的2-3倍，试飞完成的时间因此不断延长。C919比ARJ21更为复杂，之前国内谁也没对民用大飞机进行过试飞，进度风险可想而知。C919总设计师吴光辉表示，有了ARJ21在适航取证方面的探索，相信C919的适航取证可以少走弯路。
第二道难关是市场风险，特别是国际市场的风险。C919研制出来后，国内市场可以通过国家手段进行扶持，但要顺利进入国际市场难度非常大。根据国际惯例，飞机投入市场必须取得适航认证，也就是飞机的市场准入证，但是中国民用飞机拿到美国、欧洲的适航认证还有难度，这意味着全球最大的两个航空市场中国国产民机进入难度较大。同时波音公司研制的新型737 MAX系列客机和空客研制的新型A320neo系列客机，与C919飞机的市场定位有些重合，使得C919面临市场压力。
此前，上海召开的第一届中欧民用航空安全年会上，中国民用航空局（CAAC）和欧洲航空安全局（EASA）代表介绍，中国国产大型客机C919目前正在接受中国民航局的适航审定，同时将作为中欧双边适航谈判的一部分。随着中国国产大型客机的设计研制受到越来越多的市场认可，投入中欧航线仍然有望推进。
大飞机锻造产业“黄金龙骨”
民机的研制是一个系统工程，不仅要有研制能力、试飞能力，还要有产业带动能力。一款民机产品是否成功，不仅取决于技术上的突破，更体现其在商业上的应用。其标准在于飞机的安全性、经济性和舒适性能否得到市场的认可。
“民机和军机不一样，军机需要高科技、大投入、长周期，民机虽然也需要高科技，但要有成本控制的意识，尽可能缩短周期，来满足市场变化的需要。”中国空气动力学专家、原上海飞机设计研究院特聘专家张锡金说。
中国民机产业经过几十年的摸索，明确了“产业化、市场化、国际化”的发展方向，“自主研制、国际合作、国际标准”的技术路线，“中国设计、系统集成、全球招标、逐步提升中国国产化”的发展原则和“主制造商-供应商”发展模式。C919在设计之初就瞄准了市场需求，为其走向国际市场奠定了坚实的基础。
C919作为着眼于最主流的航空运输市场（150座级），完全按照国际主流适航标准和国际主流市场运营标准研制的干线飞机，一直受到国内外市场的关注。
C919总设计师吴光辉说：“C919是在一个合适的时间，以一种正确的模式，推出的一款高水准的产品。C919首先是要满足我们国内的航空运输需要，因为中国是全球最大的民航市场，飞机需求最多。立足国内市场，面向全球市场，这是我对C919的定位。从设计航程看，C919可以满足中国任何点到点的飞行。”
根据预测，未来20年仅中国航空运输市场就需要干线客机5952架，价值近9000亿元。快速发展的航空运输市场为中国发展大型客机和民用飞机提供着坚定而广阔的市场支持。
“C919不是一个人的作品，而是我们民族凝聚起来的力量。C919不只是一个型号，更牵动着一个产业的发展，如果没有国之重器的发展，就没有中中国国产业的‘黄金龙骨’。”中国自主研制的运十飞机副总设计师程不时说。
C919大型客机带动形成的中国民用航空产业链蕴含着巨大的潜力。以上海为龙头，陕西、四川、江西、辽宁、江苏等22个省市、200多家企业、近20万人参与大型客机项目研制和生产，形成了产业链、价值链、创新链；C919推动建立16家航电、飞控、电源、燃油和起落架等机载系统合资企业，提升了中国民用飞机产业配套能级。
这显著改善了中国民用航空工业发展的基础面貌。未来，伴随着大型客机项目的推进和中国喷气客机进入批产，这条产业链必将逐步发挥出巨大的经济潜力。
一位专家说：“从飞机设计研制到产业化是一条艰辛的路，国内大装备的产业化之路最成功的是中国高铁，拥有自主知识产权，得到了国际市场的认可。中国的大飞机也要实现这一目标。”
中国商飞介绍，公司已经开始立项研制远程宽体客机，其座位数为280座，设计航程1.2万公里。
张锡金说：“中国人在十多年的时间里，进行了中国国产新支线客机ARJ21、中国国产干线客机C919和远程宽体客机三个型号的研制，这在其他任何国家都是没有出现过的。”
参与C919设计的上海飞机设计研究院总体气动部气动设计与分析室副主任马涂亮目前已经转入宽体客机的预研，他说：“越来越多的年轻人看到了中国民机产业发展的前景，他们传承着老一辈民机产业人的艰苦奋斗的精神，同时熟悉和应用着现代化的技术成果，将为民机的发展创造更好的未来。”
来源：经济参考报
>责任编辑：初晓慧
文章关键词： C919 市场蛋糕 难关
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