Facebook, Google and Amazon are not a technology company? -Facebook, Google, Amazon-IT information

The Atlantic Web site said Monday United States when the market closed, the world's five largest companies are technology companies: Apple, Alphabet (formerly Google), Microsoft, Amazon and Facebook. But strictly speaking, only Apple and Microsoft can be divided into technology companies. Following is the text:

This seems to be a historic milestone – Bloomberg reported at the time insisted that, even during the Internet bubble, have not seen this kind of "swept the top five technology companies" phenomenon. In 2011, for instance, Exxon Mobil and shell took the top two, and apples is the only one of the top five technology companies. In 2006, Microsoft is the only one of the top five technology companies--the other is the energy, financial and manufacturing companies. But now the situation has changed. "The new overlords from the technology industry," Bloomberg said.

However, what kind of company is that technology companies? Bloomberg says, "non-tech giants such as GE and Exxon Mobil, their ranking decline. "In fact, if you think about, you can see the absurdity of this: Exxon use giant machines, digging deep underground remains of ancient organisms, then some other huge mechanical refining resources, carries them to all over the world. GE manufactured a wide variety of things: from light bulbs to medical imaging equipment, wind turbines, locomotives, Jet engines.

Facebook is a company produces websites and mobile applications, you called it "Science and technology" companies, but said those who make a diesel train, oil drilling platforms and aircraft engine company is not a technology company, isn't that a little strange?

ICB industry classification benchmark

The term somewhat related issues and finance. Market to companies classified by industry analysts tracked some specific sectors and subsectors. Exxon Mobil is an energy industry, while GE across the energy, transportation, utilities, health care and finance, across several industry sectors. Science and technology industry in the "technology", refers to is actually "computer technology". Companies in the industry are engaged in software, semiconductors, hardware, peripherals, data processing services, digital advertising business.

NASDAQ is where most computer technology companies listed, where, in accordance with the "industry classification benchmark" (ICB) Division. ICB is the London Stock Exchange FTSE Group (FTSEGroup) developed a classification system which divides the market into 10 sectors, each sector and then further subdivided into categories, sectors and subsectors, such as in the technology industry, "the Internet" is "the software and computer services" of a subdivision. Company is divided into departments and departments based on their (max) source of revenue (this is the reason why GE is classified as energy companies).

Companies like Microsoft are "technology, software and computer services", because this is the source of the vast majority of revenues. Similarly, ICB of the Apple is a traditional "technology" companies, because most of its revenues come from sales of computer hardware. But other companies in the top five on Monday divided into technology companies with a little reluctance.

For example, Google and Facebook are almost all the revenue comes from advertising, from this perspective, the two companies should be regarded as media industry, focused on broadcasting and entertainment. Of course, the Alphabet is a cross-border operation, which is very much like GE. Alphabet also has invested in the auto industry (unmanned vehicle project), healthcare (Calico), consumer goods (Nest), utilities (Fiber), but its main revenue comes from Google's advertising business.

Amazon AWS cloud services make a lot of money – expected to reach 10 billion dollars this year. It also manufacture and sale of computer hardware, such as Fire, and Kindle. But Amazon's revenue comes from selling consumer goods in the world. Amazon is that technology companies, but seriously, it's actually a retailers.

"Sweeping the first five" just for a day

Tuesday August 2 when closed, swept the top five technology companies has made history. Exxon Mobil into fifth place. Warren Buffett's Berkshire Hathaway on Tuesday closed at US $ 354 billion in market value, more than Facebook.

Every industry in the use of computers, software, and Internet services. If the "technology" refers only to the mean, so each company can be a technology company. "Science and technology" the term is overused, and the connection between computer hardware and software start-ups in Silicon Valley is too casual, leads to the word lost its meaning. Perhaps the financial sector has repeatedly "technology" to the Word as a synonym for the calculation, has led to the further deterioration of the problem.

But some companies are indeed authentic areas of computer, such as Microsoft and Apple. Intel makes computer accessories for other computer makers, so there is one. But we should also recognize that, strictly speaking, companies like Alphabe, Amazon and Facebook do not compute business. But perhaps the most interesting part is that although they are not (computing) technology company, but they use the computing infrastructure, opened up huge new businesses in other sectors. "Technology" as a generic term that refers to the manipulation of basic materials, beyond these material objectives. From this perspective, they can be considered members of the technology industry.

Facebook、谷歌和亚马逊都不是科技公司？ - Facebook,谷歌,亚马逊 - IT资讯

《大西洋月刊》网站撰文称，本周一美国股市收盘的时候，全球市值最大的五家公司都是科技公司：苹果、Alphabet（原谷歌）、微软、亚马逊和Facebook。但严格来说，只有苹果和微软可以划分为科技行业公司。以下为原文：

这似乎是一个历史性的里程碑——彭博社在报道此事时坚称，即使在互联网泡沫时期，也没有出现过这种“科技公司横扫前五”的现象。比如在2011年时，埃克森美孚和壳牌公司占据了前两位，而苹果是前五名中唯一的科技公司。在2006年，微软是前五名中唯一的科技公司——其他都是能源、金融和制造行业的公司。但是现在形势已经起了变化。“新的霸主来自科技行业，”彭博社说。

但是，怎样的公司算是科技公司？彭博社说，“像埃克森美孚和GE这样的非科技巨头，它们的名次有所下滑。”其实你只要想一想，就可以看出这其中的荒谬性了：埃克森使用巨大的机器，从地下深处挖取古代生物的遗骸，然后再用另外一些巨大的机械提炼资源，把它们输送到全球各地。而GE制造多种多样的东西：从灯泡到医疗成像设备，到风力涡轮机，到机车，再到喷气发动机。

而Facebook是一家制作网站和移动应用的公司，你把它称为“科技”公司，同时又说那些制造柴油火车、石油钻井平台和飞机引擎的公司不是科技公司，是不是有点奇怪呢？

ICB行业分类基准

这个问题和金融业的术语有点关系。市场按行业来给公司归类的，分析师跟踪一些特定的部门和分部门。埃克森美孚是一家能源行业，而GE则横跨能源、交通运输、公用事业、医疗保健和金融等好几个行业。科技行业中的“科技”，指的其实是“计算机科技”。该行业中的公司从事的是软件、半导体、硬件制造、外围设备、数据处理服务、数字广告等业务。

纳斯达克是大多数计算机科技公司上市的地方，在那里，行业按照“行业分类基准”（ICB）划分的。ICB是伦敦证券交易所的富时集团（FTSEGroup）开发的一个分类系统，它把市场划分为10个行业，每个行业再进一步细分为大类、部门和分部门，比如在科技行业中，“互联网”是“软件和计算机服务”的一个子部分。公司被划分到部门和分部门中，基于他们（最大）的营收来源（这就是GE被划分为能源公司的原因）。

像微软这样的公司就属于“科技、软件及计算机服务”，因为这是其绝大部分营收来源。同样，苹果公司是一个传统的ICB“科技”公司，因为它的大部分营收都来自计算机硬件销售。但把本周一前五位的其他公司划分为科技公司略有点勉强。

例如，谷歌和Facebook的几乎所有收入都来自于广告，从这个角度来说，这两家公司应该算是媒体行业，侧重于广播和娱乐。当然，Alphabet是跨界经营，这一点很像GE。Alphabet还投资了汽车业（无人驾驶汽车项目）、医疗保健业（Calico）、消费品（Nest），公用事业（Fiber），但它的主要营收是来自于谷歌的广告业务。

亚马逊从AWS云服务中赚了不少钱——今年估计高达100亿美元。它还制造和销售计算机硬件，如Fire和Kindle。但亚马逊的营收主要来自于在全球销售消费品。亚马逊也算是科技公司，但要较真的话，它实际上是个零售商。

“横扫前五”仅维持了一天

到本周二8月2日收盘的时候，科技公司横扫前五的现象已成历史。埃克森美孚挤到了第五位。沃伦·巴菲特的伯克希尔哈撒韦公司本周二收盘市值也达到3540亿美元，超过了Facebook。

如今每一个行业都在使用计算机、软件和互联网服务。如果“科技”只是指这个意思，那么每一家公司是可以算是科技公司了。但“科技”这个词被过度使用了，它和硅谷式计算机软硬件初创公司之间的联系又太随意，导致这个词失去了意义。也许金融界一再把“科技”这个词作为计算的代名词使用，又导致了这个问题的进一步恶化。

但是也有一些公司确实属于正宗的计算机领域，比如微软和苹果。英特尔为其他电脑制造商制造电脑配件，所以也算一个。但是我们也应该认识到，严格来说，像Alphabe、亚马逊和Facebook这样的公司做的不是计算业务。不过最有趣的地方是，虽然它们不是（计算机领域）科技公司，但它们使用了计算基础设施，在其他部门开创了新的庞大业务。“科技”作为一个通用术语，是指操纵一些基础材料，实现超越这些材料的目标。从这个角度来说，它们也算是科技业的成员。